The goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to suppress HIV and, by doing so, to make sure that people living with HIV can enjoy long and healthy lives. To understand how ART works, it is important to first understand how HIV infects the body once the virus has entered it. This is called the life cycle of HIV.1,2An HIV negative person becomes infected when they have had contact with body fluids from a person infected with detectable levels of the HIV virus.